Means for lubricating internal combustion engines



Dec. 22,- 1931. E: p, u o -r 1,837,359

MEANS FOR LUBRIGATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed May 24, 1927cylinder walls and provide means for effectively particularly f oflubricant on starting.

Patented Dec. 22, 1931 UNITED STATES ELEUTHERE PAUL nuron'r, ormom'cnanm, nmwm mus ron. aunnrcarme manna". comusrron enemas JApplication filed May 24, 1927. Serial; No. 193,769.

Myinvention relates to means for lubricating internal combustion enginesand more to means for affording a supply to the cylinders of an engineAs is Well known, when an internal combustion engine is idle for a time,the lubricating oil drains away from the cylinders, 80 that when theengine is started the cylinders' are without lubrication until theoiling system with which the engine is provided has had time to supplylubricant to the cylinders. 1 In cold weather when the lubricating oilthickens and in engines of the type in which the cylinders arelubricated by oil' escaping from the connecting rod hearings, to which Iit is supplied through a passage formed in the crank shaft, a verysubstantial period of time elapses between the starting of the engineand the effective supply of oil to the cylinder walls. During suchperiod of time the cylinder walls are without effective lubrication,with the result that the pistons are subjected to frequently moreposiexcessive wear and t-ively damaged.

Now, it is the object of my invention to lubricating the cylinders onstarting and until the main lubricatingsystem vof the enginebecomeseffectiv'e for their lubrication.

-Having now indicated, in a general way, the nature and purpose of myinvention, I will proceed to a detailed descriptionthereof withreference to the accompanying drawing in which there is illustrated apreferred embodiment and in. which The figure is a sectional view of anengine embodying my invention.

In the drawing a indicates a c linder provided with an intake valve 6 anan exhaust valve 0, which control suitable intake and exhaust passages.Within the cylinder is ,a.

piston (Z connected by means of a rode with a crank shaft f suitablymounted in a crank case g. p 1 g The engine.- illustrated, which is ofthe ninlti-cylinder type, is provided with any gusualtypeofbihng systemand a sump k is provided beneath the crank case to hold a supply oflubricating oil. Within the sump. h is positioned a cylinder 23 withinwhich is a piston j adapted to be operated against'the action of aspring lg. A lip Z is formed on the upper end of the cylinder 2' toenableoil to enter the cylinder beneath the piston y when it is inraised position.

The cylinder z' is connected at its lower-end by means of a pipe mwith-a header n, which egtendslengthwise of the engine Above the headern and opposite to each of the cylinders" of the engine is positioned achamber 0. The several chambers are. each connected to the header n bymeans of a pipe p entering the chamber at its lower end and equippedwith a check valve 9, and each chamber is connected at a point near itslower end to the interior of a cylinder by means of apipe r.

The piston y in the cylinder 71 is connected. by means of a rod 8 to anarm t extending from the casing of the engine starting motor '0. Thestarting motor '0 is mounted so as to be rotatable through part of arevolution when it is energized for starting theengine.

' The operation of the device above de- 75 scribed will be clear when itis noted that when it is started the starting motor will be revolved thedirection of the arrow by raction when it initially attempts to turnover the engine. The revolution of the starting motor will be stoppedand the motor made rigid when the arm contacts with the crank case.

' The revolving of the starting motor causes the piston j'in thecylinder to be depressed causing oil, which has flowed in-and filled thecylinder since the last operation .of the piston, to be forced intoheader and from thence into the chambers 0. As oil is forced 9o 7 .intothe chambers 0, it compresses air in the top of the chambers and whenthe piston j is fully depressed, the check valves gprevent return of theoil to the header. The oil in chambers o is then forced by thecompressed air into the cylinders and since a substantial quantity ofoil is provided to each of the chambers the flow to the cylinderscontinues for an appreciable time-as the eng ne is started, effectivelylubricating the cy mders 1 until the lubricating system of the enginebecomes effective to lubricate them.

It will be noted that since the oil is sup plied to chambers 0, fromwhich it flows to the cylinders under the influence of compressed air,as a result of a turning movement of the starting motor casing due toreaction from the engine which it seeks to turn over, no manual effortis necessary to lift the oil to chambers 0; and it will be further notedthat oil is supplied to and begins to flow to the cylinders from thechambers 0 at the time when the engine is initially turned over by thestarting motor. The flow of oil to the cylinders is, it will be noted,positively effected under the influence of the air compressed in thechambers by the oil forced therein by the piston 3'.

When the chambers 0 are emptied, lubrication from that source ceasesuntil the engine is stopped and again started.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim and desire toprotect by Letters Patent is i 1. Means for lubricating an engine onstarting, which includes in combination, a

starting motor, an oil pump, means aifording a conduit for the passageof oil from the pump to a cylinder of the engine and means affording anoperative connection between the starting motor and pump, the startingmotor being so mounted as to turn bodily when initially energized toeffect operation 2. Means for lubricating an engine on starting, whichincludes 1n combination, a

' starting motor, in driving relation with the engine, an oil pump,means afiording a conduit for the passage of oil from the pump to acylinder of the engine and means afli'ording an operative connectionbetween the starting motonand the pump, the starting motor beingrevolubly mounted and adapted to be bodily rotated by reaction on beinginitially energized and to thereby eifect operation of the pump beforedriving the engine.

3. Means for lubricating an engine on start ng, which includes incombination, a startmg motor, an oil pump, a chamber, conduits for thepassage of oil from the pump to the chamber and from the chamber to acylinder of the engine, and means affording a connection between thestarting motor and the pump, the starting motor being so mounted as toturn bodily when initially energized to efiect operation of the pump.

4. Means for lubricating an engine on starting, which includes incombination, a starting motor, an oil pump, a chamber,conduits for thepassage of oil from the pump to the chamber and from the chamber to acylinder of the engine, a check valve adapted to prevent the return ofoil from said chamber to the pump and means affording a connectionbetween the starting motor and the pump, the starting motor being somount- I ed as to turn bodily when initially energized to eifectoperation of the pump.

5. Means for starting, which comprises in combination, a starting motorin driving relation with the engine, an oil pump, a series of chamberscorresponding in number to the number of cylinders of the engine, aheader, a conduit for the passage of oil from the oil pump to theheader, conduits affording passages for oil from the header to saidchambers, check valves controlling said conduits, conduits affordingpassages for oil from each of said chambers to the cylinders of theengine respectively and means affording an operative connection betweenthe starting motor and the oil pump, the startin motor being revolublymounted and adapte on being initially energized to bodily rotate toactuate the oil pump before driving the en- 01I16. b 6, In combinationwith an engine cylinder having a reciprocating piston therein,lubricating means for said cylinder comprising a chamber, a conduitjoining said chamber and cylinder and entering a portion of the cylinderwall covered by the piston during a portion of its stroke, and a secondconduit communicating with said chamber, said chamber being closed abovethe points of communication of the conduits to form an air dome,whereby, when lubricant is forced into said chamber through said secondconduit, air is compressed in said chamber, the expansion of which aircauses lubricant to flow through the first mentioned conduit into saidcylinder.

7. In combination with an engine cylinder having a reciprocating pistontherein, lubricating means for said cylinder comprising a chamber, aconduit joining said chamber and cylinder and entering a portion of thecylinder wall covered by the piston during a portion of its stroke, asecond conduit communicating with said chamber and means for preventingflow of lubricant from said chamber into said second conduit whilepermitting flow of lubricant from said second conduit into said chamber,said chamber being closed above the points of communication of theconduits to form an air dome, whereby, when lubricant is forced intosaid chamber through said second conduit, air is compressed in saidchamber, the expansion 0 which air causes lubricant to flow through thefirst mentioned conduit into said cylinder.

8. In combination with a series of engine cylinders having reciprocatingpistons therein,-lubricating means comprising a chamber for eachcylinder, a conduit joinin each chamber with its corresponding cylin erand entering a portion of the cylinder wall cot ered by the pistonduring a portion of its stroke, and a header communicating with alllubricating an engine on 3o bustion engine having a cylinder and apisaeaaeee of the chambers, each of the chambers being closed above thepoints of communication with the header and its conduit to form an airdome whereby, when lubricant is forced into said chambers from saidheader, airis compressed in said chambers, the expan-' sion of which aircauses lubricant to How from the chambers into the cylinders 9, Incombination with a series of engine 19 cylinders having reciprocatingpistons therein, lubricating means comprising a chamber for eachcylinder, a conduit joining each chamber with its corresponding cylinderand entering a portion of the cylinder wall cov- 5 ered by the pistonduring a portion of its stroke, a header communicating with all of thechambers, and means preventing the flow of lubricant from the chambersinto the header while permitting flow of lubricant go from the headerinto the chambers, each of the chambers being closed above the points ofcommunication with the header and its conduit to form an air domewhereby, when lubricant is forced into the chambersfrom said header, airis compressed in said chambers, the expansion of which air causeslubricant to flow from the chambers into the cylinders.

10. In combination with an internal comton arranged to reciprocate inthe cylin starting means for the engine, means operative automaticallyupon initiation of operation of the starting means to deliverimpulsively a quantity of lubricant, a conduit entering a portion of thecylinder wall cov- 'ered by the piston during a portion of its stroke,and means arranged to receive said impulsively delivered quantityoflubricant to and in turn deliver it gradually to the cylind'er throughthe conduit.

11. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a series ofcylinders and pistons arranged to reciprocate therein,

starting means for the engine, means operative automatically uponinitiation of oper ation of the starting means to deliver impulsively aquantity of lubricant, conduits entering portions of the cylinder wallscovso ered by the pistons during portions of their strokes and meansarranged to receive said impulsively delivered quantity of lubricant andin turn deliver it gradually to the cylinders through the conduits.

In testimony of which invention, I hav hereunto set my hand, atMontchanin, Delaware, on this 19th day of May, 1927.

ELEUTHERE PAUL DUPONT.

